Ceruletide, also known as cerulein or caerulein, is a decapeptide that stimulates smooth muscle and increases digestive secretions.
It is chemically and biologically similar to cholecystokinin, a gastrointestinal hormone. Ceruletide is used in the treatment of paralytic ileus and as a diagnostic aid for pancreatic malfunction. It is also employed to induce pancreatitis in experimental animal models.
Discovered in 1967 from the skin of the Australian green tree frog (Ranoidea caerulea), ceruletide has the amino acid sequence Pglu-Gln-Asp-Tyr[SO3H]-Thr-Gly-Trp-Met-Asp-Phe-NH2.
It upregulates pancreatic acinar cell ICAM-1 proteins, promoting neutrophil adhesion and inflammation, and induces pancreatitis through dysregulation of digestive enzyme production and cytoplasmic vacuolization.
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| Other Names | Caerulein, Ceruletide, Cerulein, Ceruletida |
|---|---|
| IUPAC Name | (3S)-3-[[(2S)-5-amino-5-oxo-2-[[(2S)-5-oxopyrrolidine-2-carbonyl]amino]pentanoyl]amino]-4-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S, 3R)-1-[[2-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-amino-1-oxo-3-phenylpropan-2-yl]amino]-3-carboxy-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-4-methylsulfanyl-1-oxobutan-2-yl]amino]-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-2-oxoethyl]amino]-3-hydroxy-1-oxobutan-2-yl]amino]-1-oxo-3-(4-sulfooxyphenyl)propan-2-yl]amino]-4-oxobutanoic acid |
| CAS | 17650-98-5 |
| Molecular Weight | 1352.4 |
| Molecular Formula | C58H73N13O21S2 |
| SMILES | C[C@H]([C@@H](C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CC1=CNC2=CC=CC=C21)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCSC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=O)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC3=CC=CC=C3)C(=O)N)NC(=O)[C@H](CC4=CC=C(C=C4)OS(=O)(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(=O)N)NC(=O)[C@@H]5CCC(=O)N5)O |