Picamilon, also known as N-nicotinoyl-GABA, is a synthetic compound formed by combining niacin (vitamin B3) with γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Developed in the Soviet Union in 1969, it has been studied in Russia and Japan as a prodrug of GABA.
Pharmacologically, picamilon is designed to improve cerebral blood flow and exert anxiolytic effects. It is believed to cross the blood-brain barrier due to the vasoactive properties of niacin, which widens blood vessels. Once in the brain, picamilon is hydrolyzed into GABA and niacin. GABA activates GABA receptors, potentially reducing anxiety, while niacin enhances blood flow, which may provide neuroprotective benefits and increase alertness.
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| Other Names | Pikamilone, Nicotinoyl-GABA |
|---|---|
| IUPAC Name | 4-(pyridine-3-carbonylamino)butanoic acid |
| CAS | 34562-97-5 |
| Molecular Weight | 208.21 |
| Molecular Formula | C10H12N2O3 |
| SMILES | C1=CC(=CN=C1)C(=O)NCCCC(=O)O |