Semax is a synthetic peptide drug developed in Russia, primarily recognized for its nootropic, neuroprotective, and neurorestorative properties. Initially described in the early 1990s, Semax is a heptapeptide analogue of a fragment of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), specifically ACTH (4-10).
Its mechanism of action is not fully understood, but it is believed to interact with melanocortin receptors and inhibit enkephalin-degrading enzymes, which may contribute to its cognitive-enhancing effects. Studies have shown that Semax can rapidly elevate levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and activate serotonergic and dopaminergic systems in the brain, leading to potential antidepressant and anxiolytic effects.
Clinical trials and research conducted in Russia have demonstrated Semax’s efficacy in improving attention, short-term memory, and cognitive function, particularly in conditions of fatigue. It has also been investigated for its potential in treating stroke, transient ischemic attacks, memory disorders, and immune system deficiencies. For instance, a study involving patients recovering from ischemic stroke reported increased levels of BDNF, which is associated with improved rehabilitation outcomes.
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| Other Names | ACTH (4-7), Pro-Gly-Pro-, MEHFPGP, Met-Glu-His-Phe-Pro-Gly-Pro |
|---|---|
| IUPAC Name | (2S)-1-[2-[[(2S)-1-[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-amino-4-methylsulfanylbutanoyl]amino]-4-carboxybutanoyl]amino]-3-(1H-imidazol-5-yl)propanoyl]amino]-3-phenylpropanoyl]pyrrolidine-2-carbonyl]amino]acetyl]pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid |
| CAS | 80714-61-0 |
| Molecular Weight | 813.9 |
| Molecular Formula | C37H51N9O10S |
| SMILES | CSCC[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(=O)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC1=CN=CN1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC2=CC=CC=C2)C(=O)N3CCC[C@H]3C(=O)NCC(=O)N4CCC[C@H]4C(=O)O)N |