Melatonin – (73-31-4)

Melatonin is a natural hormone produced by the pineal gland in the brain, primarily in response to darkness, playing a crucial role in regulating the sleep-wake cycle, also known as the circadian rhythm, in humans and other vertebrates. Its discovery in 1958 by Aaron B. Lerner and colleagues stemmed from the isolation of a substance from the pineal gland of cows that could induce skin lightening in frogs. Beyond sleep regulation, melatonin influences blood pressure, seasonal rhythms, and acts as a potent antioxidant, protecting cells from oxidative stress.

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Sources:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melatonin
https://www.medchemexpress.com/Melatonin.html
https://www.medkoo.com/products/8430
https://www.nccih.nih.gov/health/melatonin-what-you-need-to-know
https://www.webmd.com/vitamins/ai/ingredientmono-940/melatonin